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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medications are the first option for treating ADHD. They have a track record of a high response, good tolerance, and safety throughout the entire life span. It is important to choose the right dosage and medication that alleviates your or your child's symptoms without causing any adverse side effects. This can take a lot trial and error as well as an open dialogue with your doctor. Stimulants Stimulants are medications that increase the activity of the central nervous system. They are frequently used for stimulants for cognitive enhancement and performance by students, athletes, artists, and workers. They are also used for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as binge eating disorder and some anxiety disorders. Amphetamines, methylphenidates and other stimulant medications are among the most frequently used. FDA-approved prescription stimulants are available in both immediate-release and prolonged-release formulations. The immediate-release medications are typically taken every 4 hours. When they stop working, they can cause sudden and temporary drop in energy. The crash can cause extreme hunger, mood swings and fatigue. Instant-release medication can also increase blood pressure and heartbeats in certain people. This is particularly true when they don't eat enough. Extended-release medication is formulated to release its active ingredients over the course of 8-16 hours. Your doctor may recommend this kind of medication if your goal is long-lasting control of symptoms without having to take a pill multiple times a day. Ritalin Concerta and Focalin are all extended-release methylphenidate medications. Another alternative is the long-acting methylphenidate patch known as Daytrana, which sticks to the skin as a band-aid and lasts throughout the day. This kind of medication is available to adults suffering from ADHD and need daily doses that last longer than immediate-release alternatives. Stimulant medications do not cure ADHD but it can assist manage the symptoms by enhancing how neurons in the brain communicate. They accomplish this by altering the levels of neurotransmitters within the brain, like dopamine and norepinephrine. They do this by blocking or binding to their receptors. This allows more neurotransmitters be released and aids in ensuring that messages between neurons are more effectively transferred and received. In addition to stimulants, doctors can prescribe antidepressants to treat ADHD. The majority of antidepressants prescribed to treat ADHD affect the norepinephrine and dopamine levels in your brain. Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors are an excellent option for people with anxiety or depression. These medications are usually paired with stimulants to increase their effectiveness. Another reason your doctor might switch between non-stimulant and stimulant medications are if your old medication isn't working or it produces unacceptably adverse side effects. Long-acting About 70 to 70% to with ADHD benefit from stimulants. They reduce symptoms like fidgeting and talking over others. They can also improve the performance of your job and improve your social skills. Stimulant medications begin to work when they pass through the blood-brain barrier which can take between 45 and 60 minutes. They increase norepinephrine and dopamine levels in brain cells, which decreases the impulsivity and hyperactivity. A stimulant drug that is FDA-approved uses one of two molecules, methylphenidate, (Adderall Ritalin Vyvanse Concerta) or amphetamine, (Ritalin Adderall XR Vyvanse Vyvanse). These stimulants can cause adverse effects including upset stomach, weight loss, an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, headaches, and anxiety or nervousness. They can also make tics more severe and cause sleep problems in some people. Long-acting stimulants (such as Strattera and Wellbutrin) are effective throughout the day and night, unlike short-acting medications that only last for a couple of hours. adhd without medication aid in other disorders like anxiety or depression. The medications affect the way your body regulates chemicals called monoamine oxidases. Monoamine oxidases are enzymes that break down dopamine and other neurotransmitters in the brain. These chemicals remain in the body for longer if not broken down. This can impact your behavior and even your thinking. Long-acting drugs can have less adverse effects. Your doctor will prescribe it in smaller doses, which you take throughout the day. Some stimulants are available in extended-release forms that you take every day. This is a good option for some adults, however it's crucial to remember to take them every day. Other medications have been shown to be effective for a lot of people suffering from ADHD such as selective serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These are usually prescribed to treat anxiety or depression, but they can also be prescribed for ADHD and around 70% of people react. Bupropion, also known as Wellbutrin is an SSRI approved for ADHD. It was shown to be more effective in a controlled trial than placebos. These medications can cause serious side effects, such as hearing ringing, anxiety, and changes to vision as well as lung and heart function in certain people. Short-acting The stimulant medication helps reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing levels dopamine and norepinephrine within the brain. These two chemicals help people manage their behavior and stay focused. They are available in a variety of forms, and each comes with their own brand name such as Adderall, Vyvanse, Ritalin and Concerta. There are two main types of stimulant drugs: the methylphenidates (such as methylphenidate) and the amphetamines (such as dextroamphetamine). They all have similar effects, but differ in the duration of their effect. The methylphenidates are less effective that can last for up to three hours, while the amphetamines have longer-lasting effects. Certain people are more in their ability to take long-acting stimulant medication than short-acting medications, so your doctor may prescribe this kind of drug. It is crucial to learn as much as possible about the medication. This includes any side effects, the frequency at which it should be taken, and any warnings. This will help to work with your physician to determine the best medication and dose for you. You should also understand that these medications may cause a few negative side effects, including trouble getting to sleep or losing appetite. If these occur you should talk to your doctor about changing the dosage or attempting another drug. Adults with ADHD who don't respond well to stimulants may be treated with non-stimulant medicines, which take longer to begin working but improve a person's ability to concentrate and manage impulses. These medications are available either alone or in combination. Atomoxetine, also referred to as Strattera or Qelbree is the first. It increases dopamine and norepinephrine in the prefrontal cortex, which regulates the behavior. Guanfacine, also referred to as Intuniv, belongs to the class of drugs known as alpha-agonists. These drugs work by blocking reuptake and increasing the level of brain chemicals in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was initially developed to treat high blood pressure, has been shown to be effective in treating ADHD. Combinations There are a variety of drug combinations used by people suffering from ADHD. These include stimulants and depressant-type drugs such as the guanfacine and clonidine. These drugs can have a calming effect on the brain and can reduce symptoms like sleeplessness and aggressive behavior. They also aid in preventing the onset of withdrawal from stimulants. However, this combination can be dangerous if it is not used correctly. Combining two stimulants at the simultaneously increases the risk of serotonin syndrome, which is an emergency drug that occurs when the body has too many serotonin. This combination can also increase the blood pressure and heart rate. People with heart disease or high blood pressure are at greater chance of experiencing adverse reactions from this drug. Young adults and teenagers are increasingly taking stimulant-based combinations. These substances are often called “legal highs” and are available in pharmacies. These drugs are also available on the black market. These substances are dangerous especially when mixed with alcohol or other drugs. This is known as polydrug use and can be extremely dangerous. Mixing drugs can cause dangerous and unpredictable effects, including increased heart rate, slow breathing, paranoia, hallucinations seizures, and addiction. A study concluded that combination therapy was more effective than monopharmacotherapy in treating ADHD. Combining medications helped improve adherence and enabled patients to experience greater symptom relief than monotherapy. Some patients, however quit their treatment due to adverse effects. In a few instances it was reported that the medication was withdrawn due to sleep issues or worsening tics. This could be because of poor diagnosis or a lack of access to medication. Nonstimulants are also used to treat ADHD. These medications can be effective in enhancing the quality of attention and impulse control however they are not as effective as stimulants. They are also less likely to inhibit growth and reduce appetite. Some antidepressants are also prescribed for ADHD however they have a less chance of enhancing focus and concentration. Numerous studies have demonstrated that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be combined to yield superior results than either by itself. Combining these two medications improved the adherence of patients and decreased adverse effects for the majority of people. The combination was beneficial for young adults and adolescents. This combination could be a feasible option for children with severe ADHD.